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Artist
Eliphalet Frazer Andrews, 11 Jun 1835 - 19 Mar 1915
Sitter
Rutherford Birchard Hayes, 4 Oct 1822 - 17 Jan 1893
Rutherford Birchard Hayes: Politics and Government\President of US
Rutherford Birchard Hayes: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General
Rutherford Birchard Hayes: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio
Rutherford Birchard Hayes: Politics and Government\Governor\Ohio
Portrait
Credit Line
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift from the Trustees of the Corcoran Gallery of Art (Museum Purchase, Gallery Fund) The Corcoran Gallery of Art, one of the country’s first private museums, was established in 1869 to promote art and American genius. In 2014 the Works from the Corcoran Collection were distributed to institutions in Washington, D.C.
Restrictions & Rights
CC0
Object number
NPG.2019.11
Exhibition Label
Nineteenth president, 1877–1881
Republican Rutherford B. Hayes lost the 1876 general election by approximately 250,000 votes, yet he was awarded the necessary electoral college votes after the two major parties struck a bargain. As a concession, Hayes withdrew federal troops from Democratic strongholds in the South, thus ending Reconstruction and the federal commitment to African American civil rights. This inauspicious beginning to his term in office earned Hayes the nickname “His Fraudulency.”
A Civil War veteran, Hayes called in federal troops to put down the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 but privately expressed reservations about his decision. After the failed Indian Wars of the 1870s, Hayes began to view the use of force as futile and tragically destructive for all concerned. However, rather than granting Native Americans true sovereignty, he tried to promote their submission to white authority through the cultural assimilation of their youth, forcibly sending boys and girls from Western tribes to boarding schools in the East.
19no presidente, 1877–1881
El republicano Rutherford B. Hayes perdió la elección general de 1876 por unos 250,000 votos, pero obtuvo los votos necesarios del colegio electoral a raíz de un acuerdo entre los dos partidos principales. A cambio, Hayes retiró las tropas federales de los baluartes demócratas en el sur, dando fin a la Reconstrucción y al compromiso federal de defender los derechos civiles de los afroamericanos. Este agrio comienzo de su presidencia le ganó el apodo de “Su Fraudulencia”.
Hayes, quien era veterano de la Guerra Civil, empleó tropas federales para sofocar la gran huelga ferroviaria de 1877, pero en privado expresó dudas sobre su decisión. Las fallidas Guerras Indígenas de la década de 1870 le hicieron ver que el uso de la fuerza resultaba inútil, trágico y destructivo para todas las partes. Pero en vez de otorgar verdadera soberanía a los nativos americanos, buscó someterlos a la autoridad de los blancos mediante la asimilación cultural de los jóvenes, enviando por la fuerza a niños y niñas de las tribus del oeste a internados en el este del país.
Provenance
Eliphalet Frazer Andrews [1835-1915], 1881-1882; purchased by the Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1882; Gift to NPG, 2019.
